长期照护的全球共识和概念框架

A Global Consensus and Concept Frame for Long-term Care

进入21世纪,关于长期照护已经形成了全球共识。尤其是2016年以来,为应对人口老龄化,世界卫生组织在其他国际组织的配合下提出了“健康老龄化”的战略目标,并把重点放在了“功能发挥”上。实际上,只有在最后的“照护依赖”阶段,老年人才需要集生活照料、护理康复和权益保护于一体的“长期照护”。本文试图以联合国及重要国际组织的重要文献为依据,厘清与长期照护相关的概念并建构一个整合性的概念框架。同样是在2016年,习近平主席就提出要建立“长期照护保障制度”。只有真正把握其实质,才能摆脱当前实际工作中存在的误区和乱象,以科学的、合理的长期照护服务使老年人真正拥有获得感、幸福感和安全感。

In the 21st century,there has been an international consensus on long-term care.Especially since 2016,in order to cope with the population aging,the World Health Organization(WHO),with the cooperation of other important international organizations,has put forward the strategic goal of"healthy aging"and put emphasis on"functional performance".In fact,it is only at the final stage of"care dependence"that the elderly needs a"long-term care"that integrates life care,nursing rehabilitation and rights protection.Based on the important body of literature on the work of the United Nations and major international organizations,this paper attempts to clarify the concepts related to long-term care and construct an integrated conceptual frameworkAlso in 2016, President Xi Jinping proposed the establishment of a "long-term care security system". Onlyby grasping its essence can we get rid of the misunderstandings and confusion existing in the current practicalwork, and make the elderly truly have the sense of gain, security and happiness with scientific and reasonablelong-term care services.