从口语文化的故事讲述者角色看文字书面虚构叙述的作者存在

Discussing the Author’s Existence of Fictional Written Narration from the Role of Storyteller in Oral Culture

与写作作者有关的符号文本,是否应被纳入文学虚构叙述文本的解释,至今面临合法性的问题。这与经典叙述学在现代叙述理论中的深远影响有关。在口语文化的故事讲述传统中,故事的讲述者(叙述者)、作者是一体的,而且,作者与叙述者、听众、故事人物甚至构成"越界"的交流。这种传统在文字书面文化的虚构叙述中也留下了深深的印记。文字书面文化培育了人类越来越强的个人主体性,处于这种文化中的作家总会以不同方式追求自己的个性。无论从存在论的语言观、主体观,还是从文字书面文化中虚构叙述文本的符号传播与交流方式,抑或从文体学的角度,都可以发现写作作者主体在虚构叙述中的存在与存在方式。

Whether symbolic texts that are related to writing author should be included in the interpretation of literary fictional narrative textshas faced the issue of legitimacy so far.This is related to the profound influence of classic narratology in modern narrative theory.Regarding the traditionof storytelling in oral culture,the narrator and the author of the story are inseparable,and the author,the narrator,the audience,characters even constitute"cross-border"communication.This tradition has also left a deep mark in the fictional narrative of written culture.Written culture has cultivated humanity’s increasingly strong individual subjectivity,and writers in this culture always pursue their individuality in different ways.No matter from the view of language and subject of ontology,or from the way of symbolic propagation and communication of fictional narrative text in written culture,or from the perspective of stylistics,the author as a subject can be found in the fictional narrative.