五四时期吴宓传播的美国新人文主义文学理论

An Analysis of the American New Humanistic Literary Theory Transmitted by Wu Mi in the Period of May Forth

五四时期吴宓传播的美国新人文主义文学理论体系由四个层面构成:第一,文学批评观,主张遵循道德标准、传统规则和价值尺度对文学作品进行评判。第二,文学本体观,将人性和受理性节制的情感作为文学的本体。第三,文学发展观,主张文学发展受人事之学的制约,新不一定胜旧。第四,文学创作观,要求在选择的基础上模仿。在当时的语境中,吴宓所传播的美国新人文主义文学理论与进化论文学观、杜威的实验主义文学理论以及温彻斯特的文学理论构成理论对话格局。

The American New Humanistic Literary Theory transmitted by Wu Mi contains following four aspects:Its view of literary criticism is to judge literary works by the moral standard,traditional rules and its value.Its view of literary object is that humanity and emotion checked by rationality are what literature should represent.Its view of literary development is that literary development follows the law for man and the new is not necessarily better than the old.Its view of literary creation is imitation on basis of selection.The American New Humanistic Literary Theory transmitted by Wu Mi is in theoretical dialogue with the Literary View of Evolutionism,Dewey’s literary Theory of Experimentalism and Winchester’s Literary Theory.