乔吉杂剧中的歌妓形象

Prostitute images in Qiao Ji’s Zaju

歌妓这一人物类型在古代许多作品中都有所提及,在乔吉所传世的三部杂剧作品中,更有两部都与歌妓直接相关。与唐宋传奇、元杂剧、明清戏曲中其他同题材作品所表现出的歌妓形象相比,乔吉笔下的歌妓形象具有其特殊性。大致可概括为:她们或是柔弱忠贞的大家闺秀,依附于感情,也能主动追求自己的爱情;她们或是与男主人公惺惺相惜的知己,她们的歌妓身份不被轻视,最终与良人成了眷属,夫荣妻贵。这种变化的产生,实是与时代风习的浸润以及作者个人思想情感的影响有关。

The character type of prostitute is mentioned in many ancient works.Among the threeZaju handed down by Qiao Ji,two of them are directly related to prostitute.Compared with the prostitute image in other works of the same subject in the Chuanqi of the Tang and Song Dynasties,Yuan opera,and Ming and Qing operas,the image of the prostitute in Qiao Ji’s works has its particularity.That can be roughly summarized as that they are weak and loyal girls,attached to feelings,and actively pursuing their own love;they are confidants who cherish the sympathy with the male protagonist.Their prostitute status is not underestimated.Eventually,they get married with their beloved,and both of the husband and wife become rich and powerful.The occurrence of this change is actually related to the infiltration of the times and the influence of the author’s personal thoughts and emotions.