自给能中子探测器关键材料及元件的研制进展

Progress in the Development of Key Materials and Components for Self-powered Neutron Detector

本文介绍了我国在运核电机组的基本状况以及国内核电自给能中子探测器的发展形势。详细分析了自给能中子探测器的结构特点、原理和应用,以及三代核电技术堆内核测系统的需求和使用寿命。阐述了自给能中子探测器用关键材料的国内外研制进展,重点分析了钒丝、铑丝和铠装信号电缆的制备工艺难点以及性能要求,阐明了钒丝、铑丝的高纯化与微量元素控制、尺寸精度与表面质量的稳定性、力学性能与加工性能的调控,以及铠装信号电缆的芯线、套管材料、绝缘材料的净化处理和变形加工。最后提出了自给能中子探测器材料与元件制造的应用潜力和研究方向。

The basic situation and latest progress of nuclear power plants in China are elaborated closely,and the development situation of domestic self-powered neutron detectors is summarized.The structural characteristics,principle and application of self-powered neutron detector are introduced in detail,and the demand and operation life of the nuclear testing system of the third generation nuclear power reactor are analyzed.The development progress on the key materials of self-powered neutron detector at home and abroad are elucidated briefly.It mainly focuses on the analysis of the difficulties in preparation and performance requirements of vanadium wire,rhodium wire and armored signal cable.Moreover,the high purification and control of trace elements,the stability of dimensional accuracy and surface quality,and the control of mechanical properties and processing properties of vanadium wire and rhodium wire are expounded in some detail,as well as the purification and deformation processing of core wire,casing pipe material and insulation material of armored signal cable.The prefabricated ceramic column method is used to improve the high-temperature insulation performance of armored cable.Improvement of insulation performance of armored signal cable is analyzed.Finally,the potential applications and research directions on the materials and component manufacturing of self-powered neutron detector are also proposed.