浅析三星堆遗址“新二期”文化遗存——兼谈“鱼凫村文化”

A Brief Analysis of the "New Period Ⅱ" Cultural Remains at the Sanxingdui Site: Also on the Yufu Village Culture

三星堆一期与二期文化遗存之间存在着明显的缺环。1999年以来,在三星堆遗址的多个地点发现了一组新的文化遗存,文化面貌介于三星堆一期和二期之间,并与温江鱼凫村遗址第三期文化遗存的陶器群几乎完全相同,从而填补了三星堆一期与二期的缺环,也基本上解决了三星堆遗址新石器时代晚期与青铜时代文化遗存陶器群的传承关系。新遗存中的A组陶器是“三星堆一期——宝墩文化”晚段的常见器物,但新出现的B组陶器已明显属于三星堆文化的范畴,因此再将这组遗存归入“三星堆一期——宝墩文化”显然是不合适的。考虑到以这组器物为代表的考古学文化遗存在成都平原有着广泛的分布,因此将其单列出来,命名为一支新的考古学文化是适宜的,也是必要的。

The main cultural remains of the Sanxingdui site are divided into four major periods, but there is an obvious missing link between the cultural remains of Sanxingdui PeriodⅠand Period Ⅱ. Since 1999, through new excavations and the sorting of materials from previous excavations, a new group of cultural remains has been found in several locations of the Sanxingdui site, with a cultural appearance between Sanxingdui PeriodⅠand Period Ⅱ, and almost identical to the pottery group of the Period Ⅲ cultural remains of the Yufu Village site in Wenjiang. This has filled the gap between the first and second periods of Sanxingdui, and basically solved the inherent relationship between the late Neolithic and Bronze Age pottery groups at the Sanxingdui site. In addition, besides the site of Sanxingdui and the site of Yufu Village, there are another 33 sites(locations) in the Chengdu Plain where this group of cultural remains has been found, and similar findings have been made at the Sujiaba site in Wusheng County in the eastern part of Sichuan Basin. Although Group A pottery in this group is common in the late stage of "Sanxingdui Ⅰ-Baodun culture", the newly emerged Group B pottery already belongs to the category of "Sanxingdui Culture", so it is obviously inappropriate to classify this group into "Sanxingdui Ⅰ-Baodun Culture", and at the same time, in view of the high proportion of Group A pottery and the fact that Group B pottery has not yet occupied a dominant position, it seems inappropriate to include it into "Sanxingdui Culture", considering that the archaeological cultural remains represented by this group were widely distributed in the Chengdu plain, so it is appropriate and necessary to single it out and name it as a new archaeological culture.