云南省3个民族人群乙醇代谢相关基因多态性及其与饮酒行为关系

Alcohol Metabolism Related Gene Polymorphism amongThree Ethnic Groups in Yunnanand Its Relationship with Drinking Behavior

目的了解云南省3个民族人群乙醇代谢基因型分布情况及与饮酒行为关系。方法于2016年11月和2019年7月,采用多阶段抽样的方法抽取云南省哈尼族、彝族和汉族3个民族人群进行问卷调查,并抽取静脉血5ml进行基因检测,探讨基因型分布情况。结果哈尼族、彝族和汉族乙醇脱氢酶2(ADH2)、乙醛脱氢酶2(ALDH2)基因型频率分布比较,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。ADH2*1/*2基因型在哈尼族饮酒者中的比例大于不饮酒者,彝族和汉族饮酒者中都以ALDH2*1/*1基因型为主。饮酒障碍筛查显示,ALDH2*1/*1在有害饮酒者中的比例大于非有害饮酒者。携带ALDH2*1/*2基因型的个体饮酒后脸红反应频率更高。结论云南省不同民族的ADH2和ALDH2基因型分布有显著差异。携带ALDH2*1等位基因的个体容易发展为有害饮酒,需加以控制。携带ALDH2*1/*2的个体饮酒后容易出现脸红反应,可在此基础上建立科学的预防干预措施。

Objective To investigate the distribution of alcohol metabolism genotypes in three ethnic groups in Yunnan province and their relationship with drinking behavior.Methods From November 2016 to July 2019,three ethnic groups of Hani,Yi and Han in Yunnan Province were selected by multistage sampling method for questionnaire survey,and 5ml venous blood was draw for gene detection to explore the genotype distribution.Results There was statistically significance in the frequency distribution of ADH2and ALDH2genotypes among Hani,Yi and Han ethnic groups(P<0.05).The proportion of ADH2*1/*2 genotype in Hani drinkers was higher than that in non-drinkers.ALDH2*1/*1 genotype was predominant in both Yi and Han drinkers.Alcohol Use Disorders Identification showed that the proportion ofALDH2*1/*1genotype in harmfuldrinkers was higher than that of non harmful drinkers.Individuals with the ALDH2*1/*2 genotype flushed more frequently after drinking.Conclusion There are significant differences in genotypes distribution of ADH2 and ALDH2 among different ethnic groups in Yunnan Province.Individuals carrying the ALDH2*1 allele tend to develop harmful alcohol consumption,which needsto be controlled.Individuals with ALDH2*1/*2 genotypetend to flush after drinking,and scientific prevention and intervention measures can be established on this basis.