智能司法中的伦理问题及其应对

Ethical Problems in Intelligent Justice and Their Solutions

人工智能使用于司法涉及到突出的伦理问题,智能司法与司法伦理既有紧密关系又有紧张关系。司法公正的一个很重要因素是证据的获取,证据的获取与知识智慧有很大的关联性,人工智能使用于司法在证据获取等方面具有相对于人工的以下优势:准确性、重复性、快速性、抉择性、无私性。智能司法与司法伦理的紧张关系是指智能司法可能损害司法公正:算法歧视对司法伦理的冲击、改变司法公正的性质和法官主导地位、大数据和机器人出错、人工智能本身没有价值判断。对紧张关系下的司法伦理恶性风险需要未雨绸缪,作出预案:认清人工智能司法的伦理缺位,加强伦理审查;控制对人工智能司法的期望值,坚固法官于司法系统的主导地位;规制算法歧视,保护当事人的人格权。

The use of artificial intelligence in justice involves prominent ethical issues.Intelligent justice and judicial ethics are closely related and tense.The close relationship between intelligent justice and judicial ethics refers to the realization of judicial justice by intelligent justice.A very important factor of judicial justice is the acquisition of evidence which has great relevance to knowledge and wisdom.when artificial intelligence used in judicial,in terms of evidence acquisition,it has the following advantages over manual labor:accuracy,repeatability,speed,choice,and selflessness.The tension between smart justice and judicial ethics means that smart justice may do harm to judicial justice as following:the impact of algorithmic discrimination on judicial ethics,the changes of the nature of judicial justice and the dominant position of judges,the errors of big data and robots,and artificial intelligence itself has no value judgment.It is necessary to take precautions for the malignant risks of judicial ethics under the tensions and make plans:recognize the absence of the ethical in artificial intelligence justice,strengthen ethical review;control expectations of artificial intelligence justice,strengthen the dominant position of judges in the judicial system;regulate the algorithmic discrimination to protect the personality rights of the parties.