基于交通仿真的雾霾天气后高速路网消散

Dissipation of expressway network after haze weather based on traffic simulation

为提高雾霾天气后高速路网运行效率,研究了收费站节点放行策略与路网运行效率的关系。首先,将区域高速路网中的收费站作为节点,综合考虑节点空间重要度、功能重要度、位置重要度等因素建立节点优先度计算模型;其次,根据计算得到节点优先度值来确定恶劣天气后节点恢复交通分批放行的优先级;进而采用VISUM宏观交通建模与VISSIM微观交通仿真相结合的区域路网动态交通分配仿真方法,计算节点分批放行消散策略对高速路网总行驶时间、路网平均车速、路网总延误、车辆平均延误等运行效率指标的影响规律;最后,以雄安新区为中心、50 km为半径的区域高速路网进行实例验证,仿真分析以节点优先度值作为路网节点制定交通控制策略依据的可行性,并评价雾霾天气后区域高速路网内5种车辆消散策略与高速路网运行效率的关系。结果表明:以节点优先度为指标,制定节点分批放行策略可很大程度提高雾霾天气后区域高速路网的运行效率,路网采取节点分批放行的最优策略4比自由放行策略2平均车速提高了20.97%,车辆的平均延误降低了67.82%,路网的总延误减少了72.53%;节点优先度前40%节点优先放行策略的路网运行效率优于前20%节点、前60%节点优先放行策略,路网中车流饱和度水平平缓递增比急剧增加对整个区域路网的运行效率更加有利。采用优先度来确定节点出现雾霾后的放行顺序和策略具有可行性。

In order to improve the operation efficiency of expressway network after haze weather, the relationship between toll station node release strategy and road network operation efficiency was studied. First, the toll stations in the regional expressway network were taken as nodes, and the spatial importance of nodes, functional importance, location importance and other factors were comprehensively considered to establish a node priority calculation model. Secondly, it was determined based on the calculated node priority value during severe weather, the node resumed the priority of the batch release of traffic. Then, the dynamic traffic assignment simulation method of regional road network combining VISUM macro transportation modeling and VISSIM micro traffic simulation were used to simulate and calculate the rule of influence of operation efficiency indicators under the node batch release and dissipation strategy for expressway network, such as the total travel time of road network, the average speed of road network, the total delay of road network, and the average delay of vehicles. Finally, the operation of regional expressway network centered on Xiong’an New Area with radius of 50 km was used for verification. The feasibility of using node priority values was analyzed as the basis for road network nodes to formulate traffic control strategies, and the relationship between five vehicle dissipation strategies and the operating efficiency of the expressway network after haze weather was evaluated. The results show that taking node priority as an indicator, formulating node batch release strategy can greatly improve the operating efficiency of regional expressway network during haze weather. The road network adopt the optimal strategy of node batch release 4, comparing against free release strategy 2, the average vehicle speed is increased by 20.97%, the average vehicle delay is reduced by 67.82%, and the total delay of the road network is reduced by 72.53%. The node priority of top 40% node priority release strategy of road network operation efficiency is better than that of top 20% and top 60%. The smooth increase of traffic saturation level in the road network is more beneficial to the operation efficiency of entire regional road network than a sharp increase. It is feasible to utilize priority to determine the order and strategy of node release after haze weather. 5 tabs, 5 figs, 21 refs.