新型冠状病毒对循环系统影响的研究进展

Research progress of the effect of SARS-CoV-2 on the circulatory system

新型冠状病毒肺炎(coronavirus disease 2019,COVID-19)是由新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)引起的,以发热、咳嗽及呼吸困难为主要临床症状的一种可在人群中广泛传播的疾病。截至目前,2019新型冠状病毒已在全球范围内造成大流行,随着国内疫情防治工作的有效开展,以及对于新型冠状病毒肺炎的认识与研究不断加深,发现很多新冠肺炎患者出现以循环系统损害症状为首发或继发的临床症状。SARS-CoV-2可直接通过血管紧张素转换酶2 (angiotensin converting enzyme 2,ACE2)受体损伤心肌细胞,也可以通过异常激活免疫系统、释放大量细胞因子从而导致急、慢性的心肌损伤。当心功能受损严重时,可能会通过RAS系统影响到肾脏功能,从而导致患者同时出现心脏和肾脏损害的临床表现。此外,对于COVID-19患者来说,还存在着动、静脉血栓栓塞的风险。本文结合近日来公布的新冠肺炎病例的资料和各团队最新的研究发现,对新型冠状病毒对于循环系统影响的研究进展做一简要概述,以期为进一步了解新型冠状病毒感染对循环系统的损害提供帮助。

Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) is caused by a novel coronavirus(SARS-CoV-2). It is a disease that can spread widely amongst the population with fever, cough, and dyspnea as the main clinical symptoms. To date, SARS-CoV-2 is causing a pandemic. With the effective development of domestic epidemic prevention and control and the understanding and research of the new type of coronavirus pneumonia, many patients with new coronary pneumonia have been discovered to have clinical symptoms that are first or secondary to symptoms of circulatory system damage. SARS-CoV-2 can directly damage cardiomyocytes through angiotensin converting enzyme 2 receptors. It can also activate the immune system abnormally and release a large number of cytokines to cause acute and chronic myocardial damage. When the heart function is severely impaired, kidney function may be affected through the RAS system, which may lead to clinical manifestations of heart and kidney damage at the same time. For COVID-19 patients, risks of arterial and venous thromboembolism also exist. This article combines the data of the new coronary pneumonia cases announced in recent days and the latest findings of research teams to provide a brief overview of the study progress of the new coronavirus on the circulatory system. We aim to better elucidate the damage to the circulatory system caused by the new coronavirus infection.