透光性木材功能化改性研究进展

An Overview on Functionalization Modification of Transparent Wood

透光性木材是将折射率与纤维素匹配的透明高分子材料浸渍于脱木质素或保留木质素的改性木材中,制备而成的一种具有透明光学性能、优异力学性能、可生物降解的新型生物质材料。透光性木材不仅解决了木材不具有透光性的问题,还缓解了目前能源危机和环境污染问题。近年来,透光性木材受到国内外的广泛关注,研究者们致力于对透光性木材的功能化改性,从而改善透光性木材的透光率、雾度、强度、磁性、发光、隔热等性能,并取得了显著的成果。本文深度总结了透光性木材功能化改性的研究进展,阐述了透光性木材的光学原理和制备方法,归纳了透光性木材功能化改性的方法,介绍了透光性木材在建筑材料、磁性材料、光电材料中的应用情况,并对其发展趋势进行了展望,提出了透光性木材功能化改性亟待解决的难题。

Transparent wood is a new biomass material with transparent optical properties,excellent mechanical properties and biodegradability,which is prepared by impregnating transparent polymer material with refractive index matching with cellulose into delignification or lignin retaining modified wood.Transparent wood not only solves the optical opacity of ordinary wood,but also alleviates the current energy crisis and environmental pollution.In recent years,transparent wood has been widely concerned at home and abroad.Researchers are committed to functional modification of transparent wood and achieved remarkable achievements,to improve the light transmittance,fog,strength,magnetism,luminescence,heat insulation and other properties of transparent wood.In this paper,the research progress of functional modification of transparent wood is summarized in depth.The optical principle and preparation methods are expounded and the functionalization modification methods of the transparent wood are summarized.At the same time,its applications in construction materials,magnetic materials and photoelectric materials are introduced as its development trend is prospected.Finally,the difficult problems of functionalization modification urgently to be solved are put forward.