北京市轨道交通车站预约出行实践与思考

Practice and Thoughts on Reservation Travel in Beijing Metro Stations

高峰时段过度集中的通勤客流是城市轨道交通运营管理工作中的一大挑战。北京市部分轨道交通车站依据同时段历史客流状态,采取站外限流的措施防止进站人数过多。在2020年新冠肺炎疫情防控期间,客流量不确定性高,客流管理难度加剧。为提前掌控客流情况,有效调控客流量,减少乘客聚集风险,创新性地在北京市轨道交通大客流车站开展预约实践,减少传统限流措施造成的站外排队和人员聚集,并保障轨道交通满载率控制和精准溯源的要求。首批选取的两座实践车站,每日早高峰预约用户约6000人,总计可为乘客节省约240 h站外排队等待时间。实践证实预约出行的有效性,也为探索预约模式下新型交通组织方式积累了经验。

Excessively concentrated commuting passenger flow during peak hours presents a great challenge for urban rail transit operation and management.According to the historical passenger flow of the same period,Beijing adopted measures to limit passenger flow at several stations.During the prevention and control of COVID-19 in 2020,the high uncertainty of passenger flow makes it more difficult to manage passenger flow effectively.To acquire passenger travel demand in advance and decrease the possibility of passenger gathering while queuing,a trail of reservation has been carried out at several rail transit stations in Beijing,which can reduce the queuing and gathering of people outside the station caused by traditional flow restriction measures,and meet the requirements of fully loaded rate control and precise traceability.In the first two pilot stations,the daily reservation users are about 6,000 during peak hours,which has helped save about 240 hours of waiting time outside the station for passengers.Practice has proved the effectiveness of travel reservation strategy,and provides experience for exploring new transportation management methods under the reservation mode.