初论国防经济学思想演进

An Elementary Study of the National Defense Economics Thoughts Evolution

国防经济学在百年的发展历程中,涌现出许多著名的国防经济理论和国防专家,其核心思想也在随着时代的发展而不断演进。通过对国防经济学领域的代表性成果进行归纳和梳理,将国防经济学思想的演进历程分为战争经济学、初期国防经济学和当代国防经济学三个阶段。研究发现:在战争时期,战争经济学的核心思想表现为利用经济为战争胜利服务;在"冷战"时期,国防经济学的核心思想是如何优化配置国防资源;在和平与发展时期,其核心思想已经转变为实现国防与经济的协调发展与相互促进。这说明,国防经济学从诞生时的战争导向思想开始,不断朝向以资源配置效益为主题的经济学轨道演进。正是由于国防与经济作为矛盾双方从对立走向统一的过程,才促进了国防经济学的不断发展。对于中国来说,应该根植于中国具体国情,辩证看待西方国防经济学的思想成果,将其用于中国国防建设与经济建设协调发展的历程中去,开创具有中国特色的国防经济发展之路。

During the century of development of national defense economics, various of well-known national defense economics theories and experts have emerged, and their core ideas are constantly evolving with the development of the times. By summarizing and combing representative achievements in the field of defense economics, the evolution of defense economics thought is divided into three stages: war economics, early defense economics, and contemporary defense economics. It’s found that during the war, the core idea of war economics was manifested as using the economy to serve the war, during the "Cold War" period, the core idea of national defense economics was how to optimize the allocation of defense resources;during the period of peace and development, its core idea had changed to realize the coordinated development and mutual promotion of national defense and economy. This shows that national defense economics is continuously moving toward the economic track with the theme of resource allocation efficiency from its beginning of the war-oriented thinking at the time of birth.It is precisely because national defense and economy, as the process of contradiction between the two sides from opposition to unity, has promoted the continuous development of national defense economics. For our country, it should be rooted in our country’s specific national conditions and view the ideological achievements of western defense economics dialectically. Then we should make full use of them in the course of coordinated development of our country’s national defense construction and economic construction, and create a development road of national defense economic with Chinese characteristics.