新时代职业教育教师队伍的双师“结构+素质”建设——基于德国经验

The“Structure+Quality”Construction of the Dual-Qualified Vocational Education Teachers in the New Era Based on German Experience

一直以来,我国职业教育教师队伍在建设“双师型”教师的个体素质上较为重视,新时代背景下职业教育现代化对职业教育教师队伍提出了新的更高要求,需要在教师队伍结构建设上形成合力。当前,职业教育教师队伍存在较大供需矛盾,其中一大核心问题是教师队伍建设未形成清晰的结构划分、目标定位与专业发展指向。德国高质量的双元制职业教育依赖于职业学校教师队伍和企业师傅队伍各自合理的分工、在教育与培训中的协调合作以及自身专业化的发展。未来,我国还需进一步明确职业教育教师队伍的结构框架与能力要求,建立理实一体化教师与企业师傅的双师结构,提升专业性、职业性与师范性融合的双师素质,使我国“双师型”职业教育教师队伍真正符合新时代发展的需求。

At present,there is a big contradiction between supply and demand of vocational teachers in China,and one of the core problems is that the construction of the teacher team has not formed a clear and definite structure,target setting and professional development orientation.Germany's high-quality dual vocational education relies on the reasonable division between the vocational school teacher team and the enterprise master team,the coordination and cooperation in education and training,and the development of specialization.In the future,China needs to further clarify the structural framework and ability requirements of vocational education teachers,establish a dual-qualified teacher structure of teachers and enterprise masters who can integrate theory and practice,and improve the dual-qualified teacher quality that integrates“professional,vocational and pedagogical”characteristic so as to make“dual-qualified”vocational education teachers truly meet the needs of the development of the new era in China.