黑磷的发现及其制备和应用发展史

The Discovery, Preparation and Application History of Black Phosphorus

1914年,美国物理学家布里奇曼无意间制得了黑磷并证明了这是磷的一种新的相变体,但在很长的一段时间内并没有引起人们的关注。20世纪中期以后,黑磷的制备方法得到了一定程度的发展。至2014年,研究者成功制备了二维黑磷场效应晶体管,随后人们发现黑磷在储能设备、光电子器件、光催化、生物传感等方面都有巨大的应用潜力。随着黑磷制备方法的发展和人们对黑磷认识的深入,黑磷的应用也会有更广阔的前景。

In 1914, American physicist Bridgman accidentally produced black phosphorus and proved that it was a new variant of phosphorus, but for a long time it did not attract much attention. After the mid-20 th century, the preparation of black phosphorus has been developed to a certain extent. In 2014, researchers successfully prepared a two-dimensional black phosphorus field effect transistor, subsequently, it was found that black phosphorus has great application potential in energy storage devices, optoelectronic devices, photocatalysis, bio-sensing and other fields. With the development of preparation methods of black phosphorus and the deepening of people’s understanding of black phosphorus, the application of black phosphorus will also have a broader prospect.