中国人体器官获取组织发展与建设历程

Development and history of organ procurement organization in China

器官移植技术自20世纪70年代在我国开展以来,已成为治疗终末期器官功能衰竭的唯一有效手段。自21世纪以来推行公民逝世后自愿器官捐献重大改革,保障了我国器官移植事业健康发展。建立科学规范的器官获取组织,是保证我国器官移植快速发展的基石。器官捐献受我国传统文化、伦理、法制、经济、社会等诸多因素的影响,体系的建立艰难曲折。在党中央、国务院坚强支持下,在国家卫健委和中国红十字总会的直接领导下,经过十余年艰辛改革,我国已初步建立了一套公平、公正、阳光、透明的公民器官捐献移植体系。回顾我国器官获取组织的发展历程,探索符合中国国情的器官捐献和移植的"中国模式",助力我国器官移植事业有序规范发展。

Organ transplantation has been the only effective method for the treatment of end-stage organ failure since its inception in China in the 1970 s. Since the 21 st century, an important reform of voluntary organ donation after the death of citizens has been carried out, which has guaranteed the healthy development of organ transplantation in China. The establishment of a scientific and standard organ procurement organization is the foundation stone of the rapid development of organ transplantation in China. Organ donation is affected by many factors such as traditional culture,ethics, legal system, economy, and society, and the establishment of the system is difficult. With the strong support of the State Council of China, the National Health Commission, and the Chinese Red Cross Society, China has initially established a fair, just, and transparent system for citizen organ donation and transplantation. Reviewing the development of organ procurement organization in China will be beneficial to explore the "Chinese model" of organ donation and transplantation, and promote standardizing and regularizing development of organ transplantation.