马克思的劳动异化论对当下劳动教育的启示

Marx’s Theory of the Alienation of Labor:Implications for Labor Education

马克思的劳动异化论包括两个方面的论述,一是对异化劳动的揭露和批判;二是对异化劳动的扬弃和超越。马克思关于真正的劳动是"自由的自觉的活动"和"劳动与享乐同一"必须建立在一定的客观基础之上的思想和见解,给当下劳动教育的最大启示,就是必须重视"劳动"本身的改变,尽可能使学生的劳动具有主体性、多样性、社会性、科学性和对象性,促使他们在劳动中自由自觉地发挥自己的体力和智力,获得应有的发展,否则学生就可能会躲避和敷衍劳动。

Karl Marx’s theory of the alienation of labor includes exposing and criticizing alienated labor,and sublating and surpassing it. He held the belief that real labor featured "a free and conscious activity" and "the identity of labor with pleasure," on a certain objective basis. This provides the present labor education with a significant enlightenment that we should attach importance to the change of "labor" itself,and spare no efforts to make students’ labor subjective,diversified,social,scientific and objective so as to encourage them to attain due development by using their physical strength and intelligence freely and conscientiously in their labor;otherwise,they are likely to evade labor,and will not take it seriously.