添加不同比例亚麻籽对牛乳多不饱和脂肪酸组成及含量的影响

Effect of different proportion of flaxseed on the composition and content of polyunsaturated fatty acids in milk

[目的]亚麻籽富含α-亚麻酸(α-linolenic acide,简称α-LNA),通过奶牛瘤胃及乳腺代谢可产生一系列具有生物活性的共轭多不饱和脂肪酸(polyunsaturated fatty acid,PUFA)及其代谢衍生物,可以生产纯天然保健功能奶。[方法]通过在荷斯坦奶牛日粮中添加亚麻籽,试验分3组,亚麻籽添加量分别为精料量的1%、2%和3%,分别测定牛乳中各种不饱和脂肪酸的含量。[结果]研究发现亚麻籽添加量为精料的2%时可有效地改善和提高牛乳中各种不饱和脂肪酸的含量,尤其是LNA、二十碳五烯酸(eicosapentaenoic acid,EPA)及二十二碳六烯酸(docosahexaenoic acid,DHA),其含量分别提高了88%、71%和83%(P<0.05)。[结论]研究结果显示在奶牛日粮中添加2%的亚麻籽是生产富含α-LNA、EPA、DHA等PUFA的纯天然保健功能奶的有效途径。

[Objective]Flax seed is rich in alpha linolenic acid(α-LNA),through the rumen and cow mammary gland metabolism can produce a series of bioactive conjugate polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA)and its metabolic derivatives,can produce pure natural health care function.[Method]The feeding experiment was divided into three groups,with flaxseed content respectively 1%,2%and 3%of the refined content.The contents of various unsaturated fatty acids in the milk were determined.[Result]Feeding experiments showed that the addition of 2%of concentrate flaxseed could effectively improve and increase the contents of various unsaturated fatty acids in milk,especially linolenic acid(LNA),eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA)and docosahexaenoic acid(DHA),which increased 88%,71%and 83%respectively(P<0.05).[Conclusion]The results showed that adding 2%flaxseed to dairy cow diet was an effective way to produce PUFA rich in leuen-lna,EPA,DHA and other PUFA.