生态视角下的河流廊道景观风貌综合评价——以永定河(官厅水库至屈家店段)为例

Comprehensive Evaluation of River Corridor Landscape Features from the Ecological Perspective:A Case Study on Yongding River from Guanting Reservoir to Qujiadian Section

研究基于生态的视角,从河流廊道的景观风貌出发,以永定河(官厅水库至屈家店段)为研究对象,借助AHP层次分析法,构建包含22个评价指标、涵盖多类要素的河流廊道景观风貌综合评价体系。对研究区段内具有典型性的25个河段进行数据采集和综合评价,结果表明:河段状态处于非常好、较好、一般、较差、非常差的数量比例分别为12%、28%、12%、40%、8%,其中,较好河段主要集中于山峡段,较差河段集中于平原城市段;河流廊道评价指标中水体充盈度、水流速度、植物丰富度和河岸弯曲度的评分最不理想,超半数以上样地处于较差或非常差的状态,这些应是河流廊道修复中景观风貌构建的关键性控制因子。对各类因子做进一步的解读,发现植被修复是永定河廊道景观修复中最重要的层面,未来应进一步探讨植物景观风貌的优化策略,为后续开展生态恢复与治理提供一定的支撑。

In order to study the landscape features of river corridor from the ecological perspective,this paper take the Guanting Reservoir to Qujiadian Section of Yongding River to construct a comprehensive evaluation system of river corridor landscape using the AHP analytic method,which contains 22 evaluation indicators and covers diverse elements.Then data collection and comprehensive evaluation are carried out for the 25 typical river sections in the research area,and the results find that the river sections which are in the state of very good,good,fair,poor and very poor take the proportions of 12%,28%,12%,40%and 8%,and the sections in the better state are mainly concentrated in the mountain and gorge areas while the ones in the worse state are mainly distributed in the plain and urban areas.Among the evaluation indicators of river corridors,water filling,flow velocity,vegetation richness and bank curvature has the the most unsatisfactory scores.More than half of the sections are in a poor or very poor state in terms of these four elements,which indicates that they are the key factors to the construction of landscape restoration along river corridors.Through further interpretation of these factors,it is found that vegetation restoration is the most important component in the landscape restoration of the Yongding River corridor.In the future,the optimization strategy of plant landscape should be further explored,with a view to providing supports for the subsequent ecological restoration and governance.