核安全局势与核威慑的道德选择

The Nuclear Security Situation and Moral Option of Nuclear Deterrence

有核国家的核威慑战略选择能够影响核安全局势。人类迫切需要认真反思应该如何选择核威慑政策及其行为方式以促进核威慑的战略选择转向道德选择。合道德的核威慑选择有利于制止核讹诈与核战争,从而在错综复杂的国际社会中维持稳定秩序,维护人类命运共同体。不同核国家的核威慑选择表征着不同的道德水平,中国“最低限度核威慑”代表着人类对核武器的最高实践理性水平。“最低限度核威慑”蕴涵着最大程度地减少任性、最大限度地约束行为、最大努力地自我否定。在核武器无法彻底消除的前提下,构建更加公正合理的核安全秩序是拥核国的应有之义。各国需要从责任伦理、制度伦理与交往伦理层面构建健康合理、公平正义的核安全秩序。

The strategic option of nuclear deterrence by nuclear states can affect the nuclear security situation.It is urgent for Human to rethink on how to choose the nuclear deterrence policy and its behavior,to promote the strategic option of nuclear deterrence to the moral option.The moral option of nuclear deterrence is conducive to stopping nuclear blackmail and nuclear war,thus maintaining a stable order in the complex international community and maintaining a community of shared future for mankind.The options of nuclear deterrence by different nuclear states represent different moral levels.China's“minimum nuclear deterrence”contains rich ethical implications and represents the highest practical rationality of Human towards nuclear weapons.“Minimum nuclear deterrence”implies the greatest reduction of willfulness,the greatest restraint on behavior,and the greatest effort on self-denial.Under the premise that nuclear weapons cannot be completely eliminated,building a more just and reasonable order of nuclear security is what the nuclear-weapon states should do.Countries need to build a healthy,reasonable,fair and just nuclear security order from the perspectives of responsibility ethics,institutional ethics and communication ethics.