原住民在日本考古遗址保护中的角色转换——以平城宫遗址百年保护史为例

Conversion of Local Residents’Roles in Archaeological Site Conservation—Considering the Conservation History of Nara Palace Site over the Past Century

平城宫遗址见证了日本遗产保护史的变迁。在其长达一个多世纪的保护历程中,原住民或漠视、或参与、或抵制、或协作,发生了多重角色转换。文章通过文献搜集与实地调研,结合原住民的角色特征,可将平城宫遗址保护史分为4个阶段:个别原住民意识觉醒、原住民加入遗址保护运动、原住民生产生活诸矛盾的解决、全民参与遗址保护利用。准确把握各个阶段时代背景、核心人物及关键事件中的细节,有助于进一步分析平城宫遗址保护中原住民角色转换的内在原因,为遗址保护中原住民相关问题的解决提供思路。

Nara Palace site has an important role in the history of site conservation.Over the past century,local residents have multiple interactions with Nara Palace site during its conservation.Where they have ignored,participated,boycotted or cooperated,switching between different roles.Therefore,considering the role conversion of local residents,this paper divides its conservation history in four stages through literature review and field researches:awakening of individuals’protection awareness;initiation of conservation movement,resolving of conflicts in daily lives,and widening participation in site conservation and utilization.The historical background,core members and details in important events are all discussed in this paper to reveal the core reasons for role conversions of local residents in Nara Palace site conservation.that could provide feasible solutions to such issues during site conservation.