“政策之窗”何以开启:学前教育立法进程透视

How Has“A Window of Policy”been Opened?On the Legislative Process of Preschool Education

多源流理论对分析学前教育立法进程具有较强的解释力。问题流、政策流和政治流可以分别解释学前教育立法问题何以被建构、立法进程何以层层推进以及立法的政治环境如何搭建。经过问题流与政治流的“生成”与“嵌入”、问题流与政策流的“漂进”与“漂出”以及政策流与政治流的“吸纳”与“过滤”等一系列螺旋上升过程实现“三流耦合”,学前教育立法的“政策之窗”成功开启。在法律起草阶段,要超越“多源流”,重视“激活”每一源流在法律制度链条上的作用,针对学前教育事业发展中的关键问题设计具有针对性和可操作性的条款,追求学前教育的“良法”之境。

Theory of multiple-streams has strong explanatory power to analyze the legislative process of preschool education.The problem stream,policy stream and political stream can explain how the pre-school education legislation problem is constructed,how the legislative process is advanced at various levels,and how the political environment of legislation is established.Through a series of spiral rising processes such as“generation”and“embedding”of problem stream and political stream,“drift into”and“drift out”of problem stream and policy stream,as well as“absorption”and“filtering”of policy stream and political stream to achieve“three-streams coupling”,“window of policy”of pre-school education legislation has been successfully opened.In order to pursue the“good law”situation of pre-school education,we should go beyond the“multi-source stream,”pay attention to“activating”the role of each source stream in the chain of legal systems,and design targeted as well as operable provisions for key issues in the development of pre-school education during the drafting stage.