非吸烟妇女牙周炎和妊娠期糖尿病关系研究

Study on the relationship between periodontitis and gestational diabetes mellitus in nonsmoking women

目的:对非吸烟妇女牙周炎和妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)的关系进行调查,为妊娠期妇女GDM防治提供参考。方法:对纳入GDM妇女(GDM组)和正常对照妊娠期妇女(对照组)各250例进行全口牙周检查。牙周炎定义为口内≥1个位点存在≥5 mm探诊深度(PD)且同一位点牙周临床附着丧失(CAL)≥2 mm。采集纳入样本外周血检测C反应蛋白(CRP)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)和白介素-6(IL-6)表达水平。利用条件logistic回归检验对结果进行分析。结果:GDM组糖尿病家族史、孕前体质量指数高于对照组(P<0.01)。GDM组PD、CAL、探诊出血位点百分数和患牙周炎率均高于对照组(P<0.05~P<0.01)。患有牙周炎和糖尿病家族史均为GDM的危险因素(P<0.01)。GDM组CRP表达水平高于对照组(P<0.01)。结论:牙周炎与GDM具有相关性。临床医生需对妊娠期妇女牙周状况给予关注。

Objective:To investigate the relationship between periodontitis and gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)in nonsmoking women for providing theoretic basis in treating and preventing this disease.Methods:The total periodontal examination was performed on 250 GDM women(GDM group)and 250 normal pregnant women(control group).The periodontitis was defined as the presence of≥5 mm probing depth(PD)at≥1 site in the mouth and loss of clinical periodontal attachment(CAL)at the same site≥2 mm.The expression levels of C reactive protein(CRP),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and interleukin-6(IL-6)in two groups were measured in peripheral blood,and the conditional logistic regression test was used to analyze the results.Results:The family history of diabetes and prepregnancy body mass index in GDM group were higher than those in control group(P<0.01).The percentage of PD,CAL,exploratory bleeding site and rate of periodontitis in GDM group were higher than those in control group(P<0.05 to P<0.01).The periodontitis and family history of diabetes were the risk factors of GDM(P<0.01).The CRP expression level in GDM group was higher than that in control group(P<0.01).Conclusions:The periodontitis is associated with GDM.The clinicians should pay attention to the periodontal status of pregnant women.