气相二氧化硅对瓷器文物修复仿釉涂料性能的影响

Effect of Fumed Silica on Properties of Glazed Coating in Restoration of Porcelain Relics

瓷器文物修复作色上釉时使用的无色透明有机涂料称为仿釉涂料,目前常用于瓷器文物修复的仿釉涂料普遍存在着耐老化性差和硬度不足这两个问题。为了使仿釉涂料更好地满足修复需求,研究使用气相二氧化硅粉体材料,对陶瓷修复常用的三种仿釉涂料(硝基涂料、丙烯酸光油和水性聚氨酯涂料)进行改性实验,并对改性前后涂膜的硬度、光泽度、接触角、附着力和抗老化性进行了一系列测试。测试结果表明,在加入气相二氧化硅粉末体积比为5%时硝基涂料涂膜铅笔硬度提升到3H,丙烯酸涂料和聚氨酯涂料涂膜铅笔硬度均能提升到H,且三种涂料的涂膜附着力、抗光老化性、环境耐候性和抗污能力有明显提升,但涂膜会损失一定光泽度。

The colorless and transparent organic coating used in the restoration of porcelain relics is called glazed coating.Currently,the traditional glazed coating products have two common shortcomings:the lack of hardness and poor ageing resistant performance.In order to make the glaze coatings better meet the needs of restoration,three kinds of imitated glaze coatings(nitrocellulose lacquer,acrylic gloss and waterborne polyurethane lacquer),which are commonly used in ceramic restoration,were modified by using fumed silica powder.And conducted a series of performance tests on the hardness,gloss,contact angle,adhesion and aging resistance of the coating before and after modification.The results of performance test show that when the volume proportion of fumed silica powder is 5%,the pencil hardness of the nitrocellulose lacquer film is increased to 3H,the pencil hardness of the acrylic gloss and polyurethane lacquer is increased to H.The performance in adhesion,light aging resistance,environmental weather resistance and pollution resistance of these three coatings have also be improved while the glossiness is reduced.