基于脆弱性评价构建高校突发传染病应急救援能力评价指标体系

Study on evaluation index system of emergency rescue of infectious diseases in universities based on vulnerability

目的通过构建某合适的评价指标体系,评价高校应对突发传染病应急救援能力。方法将脆弱性评价、突变层级法引入高校应急救援评价领域,结合层次分析法、德尔菲法建立脆弱性评价模型,提出基于脆弱性的高校突发传染病应急救援能力评价指标体系。然后,对武汉市某高校进行评价,验证该方法的有效性。结果建立了以脆弱性三要素暴露度、敏感度、适应度为一级指标,灾害因素、人员因素、环境因素、安全防护因素和应急救援因素为二级指标(包括15个三级指标)的脆弱性评价指标体系。对武汉某高校进行实例分析,得出该校脆弱性指数为0.495,脆弱性等级为Ⅲ(一般等级)。结论该评价方法简单易行,便于对高校突发传染病应急救援能力进行评估,找出高校在突发传染病应急救援方面的不足,为高校的应急管理提供新的视角。但由于学校规模的不同,该方法并不能普遍适用。

Objective An evaluation index system was proposed to evaluate the emergency rescue ability of universities in face of sudden infectious diseases.Methods The vulnerability evaluation and catastrophe level method were introduced into the field of emergency rescue evaluation in universities.The vulnerability evaluation model was established by combining the analytic hierarchy process and Delphi method.And then,a university in Wuhan was evaluated to verify the effectiveness.Results A vulnerability evaluation index system was proposed,in which the exposure,sensitivity and adaptability of the three elements of vulnerability were taken as the first level index,and the disaster factor,personnel factor,environmental factor,safety protection factor and emergency rescue factor were taken as the second level index(including 15 third-level indexes).The case analysis of a university in Wuhan showed the vulnerability index of the this university was 0.495,and the vulnerability level was ranked asⅢ.Conclusions The evaluation method is simple and easy to evaluate the emergency rescue ability of universities for sudden infectious diseases.It can be used to find out the deficiencies of universities in emergency rescue of sudden infectious diseases,with a view to providing a new perspective for the emergency rescue management of universities.However,it should be noted that it is not universal,since the scales of universities in China are different.