正式制度与非正式制度对雾霾污染的影响效应

The Effects of Formal System and Informal System on Haze Pollution

基于成本-收益理论分析框架,构建包括正式制度与非正式制度在内的两部门模型,利用中国2000—2017年31个省份面板数据,结合空间经济学相关理论考察治污手段对雾霾污染的影响。实证结果表明:网络舆论、排污费、环保人员、环境信访与污染治理投资对雾霾污染影响更多是被动式策略,即当地区雾霾污染问题加重时,政府会采取加征排污费、增加环保人员与提高污染治理投资,并通过网络舆论与环境信访以抑制雾霾污染,而非主动采取这些措施提高企业排污成本以降低雾霾污染。进一步考察发现,非正式制度与正式制度对工业SO2排放量也存在影响。在雾霾污染治理政策制定与实施过程中应主动出击而非被动防御,政府应采取区域联合治理政策,通过充分利用非正式制度与正式制度以解决雾霾污染问题。

This paper attempts to build the construction of a two-sector model including formal system and informal system based on the cost-benefit theory analysis framework.This paper uses China's 31 provincial panel data in 2000-2017,combing with the theory of spatial economics to test how environmental pollution control measures affect haze pollution.Through empirical test and it finds that the impact of network public opinion,sewage charges,environmental protection personnel,environmental petition,and industrial pollution control investment on haze pollution are more passive strategy,it means that the government should increase sewage charges,environmental protection personnel,and industrial pollution control investment,and it should through network public opinion and environmental petition to decrease haze pollution.Instead of taking these measures proactively to reduce haze pollution by increasing corporate sewage costs.Furthermore,informal systems and formal systems also have an impact on industrial SO2 emissions.Based on this,we should adopt active defense rather than passive defense in the process of formulating and implementing haze pollution control policy,and the government should make full use of the informal system and formal systems to solve the problem of haze pollution through regional joint governance.