废水中硫氰酸盐的微生物降解研究进展

Research Progress on Microbial Degradation of Thiocyanate in Wastewater

硫氰酸盐(SCN-)是一种常见的金矿、纺织、印染和焦化工业污染物,有毒性、给生物安全带来危害。目前,随着现代生物技术的发展,通过高通量测序、转录组测序、DNA指纹图谱和靶向基因扩增等技术已经阐明了微生物降解硫氰酸盐的群落结构、遗传和代谢多样性,表明微生物降解硫氰酸盐是最可行的修复方法。综述了降解硫氰酸盐的微生物种类,碳、硫和氮循环的影响,降解硫氰酸盐的机理,讨论了微生物降解硫氰酸盐的意义及存在的问题,旨为处理废水中硫氰酸盐提供理论支持。

Thiocyanate(SCN-)is a common pollutant in gold mine,textile,dyeing and coking industries,is toxic and harmful to biological safety.At present,with the development of modern biotechnology,the community structure,genetic and metabolic diversity of thiocyanate degradation by microorganisms have been clarified through high-throughput sequencing,transcriptome sequencing,DNA fingerprinting and targeted gene amplification,which indicates that thiocyanate degradation by microorganisms is the most feasible approach for remediation.In this paper,the types of thiocyanate-degrading microorganisms,the influence of carbon,sulfur and nitrogen cycle,the mechanism of thiocyanate degradation are reviewed,and the significance and issues of thiocyanate degradation by microorganisms are discussed,aiming to provide theoretical support for the treatment of thiocyanate in wastewater.