高糖饲料对黄颡鱼生长、糖脂代谢及肠道代谢物的影响

Effect of high carbohydrate diet on growth,glucose and lipid metabolism and intestinal metabolites of yellow catfish(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)

为研究高糖饲料对黄颡鱼生长、糖脂代谢及肠道代谢物的影响,试验选用初始体重为(4.13±0.11)g的黄颡鱼180尾,随机分为2组,每组设3个重复,每个重复30尾,分别投喂基础饲料(糖水平23.25%)和高糖饲料(糖水平31.11%)两组等氮等能饲料(粗蛋白质水平36.5%,能量水平13.4 kJ/g),进行56 d的养殖试验。结果表明:(1)与对照组相比,高糖组黄颡鱼增重率和特定生长率分别降低了22.93%和11.44%(P<0.05);(2)与对照组相比,高糖组黄颡鱼血清谷草转氨酶的活性提高了45.20%(P<0.05);(3)与对照组相比,肠道代谢物葡萄糖、多糖、组胺、尸胺和腐胺含量分别提高了119.64%、60.33%、188.82%、848.23%和526.97%(P<0.05)。综上所述,长期摄入高糖饲料抑制了黄颡鱼生长,降低了饲料利用,导致机体糖脂代谢紊乱,增加了肠道代谢物糖水平及组胺、尸胺和腐胺含量,提示长期摄食高糖饲料会导致黄颡鱼肝肠损伤。

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of high carbohydrate diet on the growth,glucose and lipid metabolism and intestinal metabolites of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco.A total of 180 P.fulvidraco juveniles with initial body weight(4.13±0.11)g were randomly distributed into 2 groups with 3 replicates per group and 30 P.fulvidraco juveniles per replicate.The control group was fed a basal diet(CT diet,carbohydrate level 23.25%).The experimental group was fed with a high carbohydrate diet(HG diet,carbohydrate level 31.11%).Two groups of isonitrogen and isoenergetic feeds(crude protein level 36.5%and energy level 13.4 kJ/g)were formulated for 56-day trial.The results showed as follows:(1)The weight gain rate and specific growth rate of P.fulvidraco in high carbohydrate group were significantly decreased by 22.93%and 11.44%compared with control group(P<0.05).(2)The activity of P.fulvidraco serum aspartate aminotransferase in high carbohydrate group was increased by 45.20%compared with control group(P<0.05).(3)The contents of glucose,polysaccharide,histamine,cadaverine and putrescine in intestinal metabolites of P.fulvidraco in high carbohydrate group were significantly higher than that of control group(P<0.05).In summary,long-term intake of high carbohydrate diet inhibited the growth of P.fulvidraco,reduced feed utilization,led to disorders of glucose and lipid metabolism in the body,increased intestinal metabolites sugar levels and histamine,cadaverine,and putrescine contents,which suggested that long-term intake high carbohydrate diet could cause liver and bowel damage to P.fulvidraco.