妊娠糖尿病患者基于护患达标模式的护理干预及自我管理效果

Effect of nursing intervention and self-management in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus based on the model of nursing and patient compliance

目的探讨妊娠糖尿病患者基于护患达标模式的护理干预及自我管理效果,为临床妊娠糖尿病患者的护理方法提供参考。方法选择2018年1月—2020年12月在安徽省淮南市第一人民医院内分泌科接受治疗的妊娠糖尿病患者80例作为研究对象。按照随机数字表法将所有患者分为研究组(40例)与对照组(40例),对照组给予常规妊娠糖尿病护理方法,研究组给予基于护患达标模式的护理干预。比较两组护理前后的血糖达标率、血糖生化指标、自我管理效能。结果护理后,研究组空腹血糖(FPG)、餐后2 h血糖(2hPBG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、晚餐后2hPBG达标率均明显高于对照组(P<0.05);两组血糖检测、遵医嘱用药、足部护理、饮食控制、规律锻炼、低血糖的预防与处理评分均明显低于干预前,且研究组患者血糖检测、遵医嘱用药、足部护理、饮食控制、规律锻炼、低血糖的预防与处理评分均明显低于对照组(P<0.05);两组FPG、2hPBG、HbA1c低于干预前,且研究组FPG、2hPBG、HbA1c明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论基于护患达标模式的护理干预能够有效提高妊娠糖尿病患者血糖水平的控制效率,改善患者的自我管理效能。

Objective To explore the effect of nursing intervention and self-management for patients with gestational diabetes based on the model of nursing and patient compliance,and to provide reference for the nursing methods of clinical patients with gestational diabetes.Methods A total of 80 patients with gestational diabetes mellitus who were treated in the Department of Endocrinology of the First People’s Hospital of Huainan City,Anhui Province from January 2018 to December 2020 were selected as the subjects.All patients were divided into study group(40 cases)and control group(40 cases)according to random number table method.The control group was given routine gestational diabetes mellitus care nursing methods,and the research group was given nursing intervention based on the standard model of nursing and patient.The blood glucose compliance rate,blood glucose biochemical indexes and self-management efficacy before and after nursing were compared between the two groups.Results After nursing,the compliance rates of fasting blood glucose(FPG),2 h postprandial blood glucose(2hPBG),HBA1c and 2hPBG after dinner in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).The scores of blood glucose detection,medication as prescribed by doctors,foot care,diet control,regular exercise,and prevention and treatment of hypoglycemia in both groups were significantly lower than those before intervention,in addition,the scores of blood glucose detection,medication as prescribed by doctors,foot care,diet control,regular exercise,and prevention and treatment of hypoglycemia in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).FPG,2hPBG and HBA1c in the two groups were lower than before intervention,FPG,2hPBG and HBA1c in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Nursing intervention based on the nursing and patient target model can effectively improve the control efficiency of blood glucose level in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus and improve the efficacy of self-management of patients.