青海祁连山区鱼类资源调查

Investigation of fish resources in Qilian Mountains of Qinghai Province

【目的】了解青海祁连山区鱼类资源状况,为今后的鱼类多样性的保护和长期监测提供科学依据.【方法】2019年6~9月,对该地区42个样点开展80次的实地调查.【结果】共采集鱼类标本2116尾,隶属于2目3科8属18种及1亚种.高原鳅属鱼类为最大的类群,有10种,占总种数的52.63%.文献有记载但本次未采集到的土著鱼类有叶尔羌高原鳅(Triplophysa yarkandensis)、长身高原鳅(Triplophysa tenuis)、花斑裸鲤(Gymnocypris eckloni)、兰州鲇(Silurus lanzhouensis)、刺鮈(Acanthogobio guentheri)和黄河雅罗鱼(Leuciscus chuanchicus),未采集到的入侵物种有中华鳑鲏(Rhodeus sinensis)、北方花鳅(Cobitis sibirica)、小黄黝鱼(Micropercops swinhonis).与20世纪90年代相比,现在的鱼类个体趋于减小,数量趋于减少.【结论】该地区的鱼类资源组成变化主要受到各种类型人类活动影响,并就此对该地区生物多样性的保护提出了建议.

【Objective】To understand the status of fish resources in Qilian mountains of Qinghai Province and provide scientific basis for the protection and long-term monitoring of fish diversity in the future.【Method】Filed survey were conducted 80 times in 42 sample sites from June to September in 2019.【Result】A total of 2116 specimen were collected that belong to 2 orders,3 families,5 genera,18 species and 1 subspecies.Triplophysa fish is the largest group with 10 species,account for 52.63%of total.Native species documented before but not found this time included T.yarkandensis,T.tenuis,Gymnocypris eckloni,Silurus lanzhouensis,Acanthogobio guentheri and Leuciscus chuanchicus.Invasive species recorded before but not found this time included Rhodeus sinensis,Cobitis sibirica and Micropercops swinhonis.Compared to the 1990s,the body size and population size of fishes significantly reduced.【Conclusion】The changes of fish resource composition in Qilian Mountain area are mainly caused by human activities,and suggestions for the protection of biodiversity are put forward.