复方中草药对肉鸡生长性能及天然免疫相关基因mRNA表达的影响

Effects of compound Chinese herbal medicine on growth performance of broilers and expression of innate immunity related gene mRNA

【目的】为探讨复方中草药对肉鸡生长性能、免疫器官指数及天然免疫相关基因mRNA表达的影响.【方法】504只科宝肉鸡随机分为7组,分别饲喂基础饲粮(对照组,A组)、基础饲粮+抗生素(B组,0.48 g/kg氟苯尼考,1~42 d)、基础饲粮+100 mL/kg复方中药制剂提取物(C组,14~42 d)、基础饲粮+100 mL/kg复方中药制剂提取物(D组,21~42 d)、基础饲粮+10 g/kg复方中药粉末制剂(E组,14~42 d)、基础饲粮+10 g/kg复方中药粉末制剂(F组,21~42 d)、基础饲粮+20 g/kg复方中药粉末制剂(G组,14~42 d),每组6个重复,每个重复12只鸡(公母各半),饲养期为42 d,分前期(0~21 d)和后期(22~42 d)2期进行.【结果】试验前期,B组肉鸡平均日采食量显著高于A组和F组(P<0.05),且其平均日增质量显著高于除C组和E组外的其他各组(P<0.05).试验后期,C组肉鸡平均日采食量和平均日增质量均显著高于A组和E组(P<0.05),B组肉鸡平均日增质量显著高于A组、E组和F组(P<0.05).从全期(0~42 d)看,B组肉鸡平均日增质量显著高于A组、D组和F组(P<0.05),且C组、E组、G组肉鸡平均日增质量显著高于A组(P<0.05),而A组肉鸡料质量比显著高于B组、C组和E组(P<0.05),B组肉鸡料质量比显著低于D组和F组(P<0.05).B组胸腺指数与脾脏指数均显著性高于A组、D组、F组、G组(P<0.05),且胸腺指数C组、E组显著高于A组(P<0.05),脾脏指数C组、E组、G组显著高于A组(P<0.05).饲粮中持续添加复方中药制剂提取物可显著提高肉鸡血液中IL-2、IL-6、IL-8、TLR3和TLR4 mRNA的表达,显著降低IL-10 mRNA的表达.【结论】饲粮添加复方中草药可提高肉鸡生产性能及免疫器官指数,并可上调血液细胞因子IL-2、IL-6、IL-8、TLR3、TLR4 mRNA的表达,下调IL-10 mRNA的表达.

【Object】To explore the effects of compound Chinese herbal medicine on growth performance,immune organ index and mRNA expression of innate immunity-related genes in broilers.【Method】504 Cobb broilers were randomly divided into 7 groups:basic diet(control,group A,BC),BC+antibiotics(0.48 g/kg florfenicol,1~42 d,group B),BC+100 ml/kg compound Chinese medicine preparation extract(Group C,14~42 d),BC+100 ml/kg compound Chinese medicine preparation extract(Group D,21~42 d),BC+10 g/kg compound Chinese medicine powder preparation(group E,14~42 d),BC+10 g/kg compound Chinese medicine powder preparation(group F,21~42 d),BC+20 g/kg compound Chinese medicine powder preparation(group G,14~42 d).There were 6 replicates in each group,and 12 chickens(male half)for each.Feeding period was 42 d and divided into starter(0~21 d)and finisher(22~42 d).【Result】The average daily intake(ADF)of group B was significantly higher than that of group A and group F at starter(P<0.05).The average daily gain(ADG)was significantly higher than that of other groups except group C and group E(P<0.05).At the finisher of the experiment,ADG and ADF of group C were significantly higher than those of group A and group E(P<0.05).The ADG of group B was significantly higher than that of group A,E and F(P<0.05).The ADG of group B was significantly higher than that of group A,D and F(P<0.05).The ADG of group C,E,G was significantly higher than that of group A(P<0.05).The feed/gain(F/G)of group A was significantly higher than that of group B,C and E(P<0.05).The F/G of group B was significantly lower than that of group D and group F(P<0.05).The thymus index and spleen index of group B were significantly higher than those of group A,D,F and G(P<0.05).The thymus index of group C and E was significantly higher than that of group A(P<0.05).The spleen index of group C,E and G was significantly higher than that of group A(P<0.05).The expression of IL-2,IL-6,IL-8,TLR3 and TLR4 mRNA in the blood of broilers was significantly increased and the expression of IL-10 mRNA was significantly decreased by adding the extract of compound Chinese medicine in the diet.【Conclusion】Adding compound Chinese herbal medicine to the diet can improve the performance and immune organ index of broilers,and up regulate the expression of some blood cytokines IL-2,IL-6,IL-8,TLR3,TLR4 mRNA,the reverse case for IL-2.