基于热丝法的保护渣析晶实验设备的设计

Design of Experimental Equipment for Slag Crystallization Based on Hot Wire Method

在一些用来研究保护渣析晶特性的实验设备中,传统的设备价格特别昂贵,而现有的一些设备控温效果差、升温和降温速度慢以及温度控制系统存在超前和滞后的问题。本文设计了一种基于热丝法的改进实验设备,该设备将热电偶既作为加热元件,又作为测温元件。系统以5 ms为一个工作周期,其中4 ms为加热周期,1 ms为测温周期,利用本文设计的转换电路可以将系统切换成不同的工作状态。热电偶产生的热电势信号通过信号放大电路和AD采集电路,最后输入到主控电路中,主控电路再利用线性插值计算将其转换成实际温度。系统采用PID调节方式来修正设定温度与实际温度之间的偏差。从实验结果可以看出,该设备恒温时的误差可以控制在3℃之内,温度测量的精度在6℃之内,整体表现良好。

In some experimental equipments adopted to research the characteristics of slag crystallization,the traditional equipments are especially expensive,while a number of the existing equipments have the problems of poor controlling temperature,slow heating and cooling speed,as well as the leading and lagging temperature control system. In this paper,the experimental equipment based on the hot wire method is designed. The thermocouple of the equipment is not only used as a heating element,but also as a temperature measuring element. This system is set to 5 ms as a working cycle,of which 4 ms is the heating cycle and 1 ms is the temperature measurement cycle. This system is switched to different working states by the conversion circuit designed. The thermoelectric potential signal generated by the thermocouple is first input into the main control circuit through the signal amplification circuit and the AD acquisition circuit,and then the linear interpolation calculation is used by the main control circuit to convert it into the actual temperature. The PID adjustment method in the system is used to correct the deviation between the set temperature and the actual temperature. It can be seen from the experimental results that the error of the equipment at constant temperature can be controlled within 3 ℃,the accuracy of temperature measurement can be controlled within 6 ℃,and the whole performance of this experimental equipment is good.