从管仲“乘瑕则神”到毛泽东的“乘敌之隙”

From Guan Zhong’s“Attack Enemy’s Weakness to Seek Victory”to Mao Zedong's“Attack Enemy’s Crack”

《管子·制分》之意为治理“天下的分寸和方法”。控制天下没有军队不行,所以管仲论述了“凡用兵者,攻坚则轫,乘瑕则神”的战略进攻思想。这方法被后人所继承,孙子说:“兵之胜,避实而击虚。”庄子把管子“屠牛坦朝解九牛”展开,说宰牛“必节者有间,而刀刃者无厚;以无厚入有间,恢恢乎其于游刃必有余地矣”。毛泽东以庖丁自喻,用庄子的话回答了李德“我们的主力是否应突破敌人对中央苏区的封锁这个问题”,在《中国革命战争的战略问题》和《论持久战》中反复论述了“乘敌之隙”的攻敌方法。从管仲“乘瑕则神”到毛泽东“乘敌之隙”,一脉相承。

The meaning of Guanzi·Zhifen is the scale and method of the world concerning governing the country.Controlling the country is impossible without an army,so Guan Zhong discussed the strategic offensive thinking of“Anyone who uses troops to attack the enemy’s strong point will be resisted,who attack the enemy’s weak point can win victory.”This method was inherited by later generations.Sun Zi said:“So in war,the way is to avoid what is strong and to strike at what is weak.”Zhuang Zi unfolded the Guan Zi’s words“Tu Niutan dismember nine bulls in one early morning”saying that slaughtering bulls“has a time when there is a certain section,but a knife has no thickness;if there is no thickness in space,there must be space for recovery.”Mao Zedong compared himself to Pao Ding and answered Li De’s question of“whether our main force should break through the enemy’s blockade of the Central Soviet Area with Zhuang Zi’s words”.He repeatedly discussed in The Strategic Issues of the Chinese Revolutionary War and On Protracted War the way of attacking enemy’s crack.From Guan Zhong’s“attack enemy’s weakness to seek victory”to Mao Zedong’s“attack enemy’s crack”,they are all in the same line.