中医诊断与治未病

Traditional Chinese medicine diagnosis and preventive treatment of diseases

中医诊断与治未病两者有着密切联系,中医诊断面对的是疾病状态,而治未病则包括未病、欲病和已病、病后等状态。状态辨识孕育于中医诊断,是治未病的关键技术。文章厘清了中医诊断、治未病、状态辨识的关系,概述了以维护健康状态为前提的状态辨识诊断方法,结合实际深入阐述中医诊断与治未病的误区。提出治未病的前提是对健康状态的认识,状态是诊断和健康认知的核心,状态辨识是治未病诊断的方法。从“忽视诊断过程,治未病‘同质化’”“诊断‘以偏概全’,治未病‘以西统中’”“侧重疾病诊断,缺乏健康状态辨识”等3个方面论述了治未病过程的常见误区。

There is a close relationship between traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)diagnosis and preventive treatment of diseases.TCM diagnosis is faced with disease state,while preventive treatment of diseases includes non-disease,pre-disease,already-disease and post-disease states.State identification is conceived in the diagnosis of TCM and is the key technology for preventive treatment of diseases.The article clarifies the relationship among TCM diagnosis,preventive treatment of diseases and state identification,summarizes the state identification diagnosis method based on maintaining health status,and expounds the misunderstanding between TCM diagnosis and preventive treatment of diseases in depth.It is pointed out that the premise of preventive treatment of diseases is the cognition of health state.This paper discusses the common errors in the process of preventing diseases from three aspects,namely,“ignoring the diagnosis process,treating diseases with homogenization”,“diagnosing with partial generalization”,treating diseases with“west system”,and“focusing on the diagnosis of diseases and lacking the recognition of health status”.