晚清民国华人翻译圣经译本研究

Chinese Translations of Bible in the Late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China

圣经在中国的翻译始于汉语圣经译本,两百多年来,基督教一直持续不断推陈出新各种译本。19世纪外国传教士翻译出版了大量汉语深文言、浅文言、方言和少数民族文字的圣经译本。20世纪后,华人基督徒逐渐成为圣经翻译的主体,翻译出版多种白话文圣经译本。产生了第一部以华人名字命名的译本——冯亚生译本,第一部由非基督徒翻译的译本——严复译本,第一部由华人翻译的《圣经全书》——吕振中译本。众多译本中有合作翻译,有个人独立翻译;有直译,也有意译;实现了圣经汉译从外国传教士到华人的角色主体转变,实现了从文言文体到白话文体和新式标点的彻底转变。这些圣经译本的产生呈现了基督教圣经翻译的多元化和持续性,展现了圣经汉译走向自主和基督教日渐中国化的历史脉络。

The translation of Bible in China began with the Chinese versions of the Bible.Over the past two hundred years,Christianity has been constantly bringing forth new versions.Foreign missionaries translated and published a large number of Bible versions of high classical Chinese,low classical Chinese,Mandarin,dialects and minority words in the 19th century.Chinese Christians have gradually become the main Bible translators after the 20th century,the first Chinese Bible translated totally by LüChen-chung and etc,which translated by cooperatively and individually with literally and freely.The emergence of Biblical Versions reflects the diversity and continuity of Christianity and Bible translation.