城乡融合视域下农村绿色发展的科学内涵与基本路径

The scientific connotation and the basic path of rural green development from the perspective of urban-rural integration

实施乡村振兴战略、推动城乡融合发展是新时代国家重要战略部署,农村绿色发展已成为基本原则和必然要求,关系到城乡居民的共同福祉。遵循绿色发展理念、以农村现实问题为出发点,基于新型城乡关系,从本质、过程和结果表现三个层面系统阐释农村绿色发展的科学内涵,明确农村绿色发展的目标和理论依据,构建农村绿色发展路径设计框架。研究表明,农村绿色发展主要围绕实现资源永续利用、农业绿色发展、城乡关系协调、农村人居环境整治和乡土情结重塑的统一与升华展开;满足延续性、经济性、适宜性、协调性和可及性的基本要求;以农村四分空间和一对关系为基本路径,其中生态保育是根基、绿色生产是着力点、美好生活是落脚点、文化重塑是凝聚力、城乡融合是外推力。因此,为实现农村绿色发展,提出摸清农村资源数量和质量的空间分布、做好农村空间布局的过程管控,合理管控城镇化进程对农村空间的直接和间接挤压;形成以政府行政管理为代表的他治与村民自治的良性互动、以乡土文化为纽带共同推进乡村治理走向现代化;科学客观地评估农村生态价值,探索生态价值向人文价值、经济价值、生活价值和文化价值的转化路径,推动将"绿色"真正转化为发展动力等政策建议。

Implementing the rural revitalization strategy and promoting the development of urban-rural integration are important national strategic deployment goals in the new era.Rural green development has become the basic principle and inevitable requirement,which is related to the well-beings of urban and rural residents.Based on the concept of green development,rural realities and new urban-rural relationship,this paper systematically discussed the scientific connotation of rural green development from three levels of essence,process,and results,clarified the goals and theoretical basis of rural green development,and constructed a framework for designing rural green development paths.Results show that rural green development mainly focuses on the unity and sublimation of sustainable utilization of resources,green development of agriculture,coordination of urban and rural relations,renovation of rural living environment and remodeling of local complex.Continuity,economy,suitability,coordination,and accessibility are the basic requirements.Rural green development takes the rural quadrant space and a pair of relationships as the basic path,in which ecological conservation is the foundation,green production is the focus,good life is the foothold,cultural remodeling is cohesion,and urban-rural integration is an external thrust.To promote the real conversion of"green"into development in rural areas,this paper provides following policy suggestions:to identify and manage the spatial distribution of the quantity and quality of rural resources,to rationally control the direct and indirect squeeze of urbanization on rural space,to jointly promote rural governance of modernization with local cultural conditions,to evaluate the rural ecological value scientifically,and to explore the conversion path of ecological value into human value,economic value,life value and cultural value.