广西玉米农家品种资源品质分析与评价

Quality Analysis and Evaluation of Maize Landrace Resources in Guangxi

采用广西各地收集玉米农家品种资源367份为试验材料,其中普通玉米资源203份,糯玉米资源145份,爆裂玉米资源19份。利用瑞典波通公司(Perten)DA7200型近红外谷物分析仪分别测定蛋白质含量、脂肪含量和淀粉含量。结果表明,蛋白质平均含量12.61%,变异系数是7.12%,含量幅度是10.44%~15.19%;脂肪平均含量是4.45%,变异系数是9.27%,含量幅度是3.48%~5.89%;淀粉平均含量是68.01%,变异系数是2.88%,含量幅度是59.35%~71.79%。含量幅度及变异系数是脂肪含量>蛋白质含量>淀粉含量。大多数广西玉米农家品种资源的蛋白质含量和脂肪含量都是中低值类型,只有部分资源的淀粉含量是中高值类型。有少量几个广西玉米农家品种资源或同时具有比较高的蛋白质和脂肪含量,或同时具有比较高的脂肪和淀粉含量。未发现蛋白质和淀粉含量都比较高的农家品种资源,也未发现蛋白质、脂肪和淀粉含量都比较高的农家品种资源。

The experimental materials of germplasm resources used in this study were 367 landraces of maize collected in Guangxi,of which 203 were field maize landraces,145 were wax maize landraces and 19 were pop maize landraces.The protein content,fat content and starch content were measured using the DA7200 near-infrared grain analyzer made by Perten in Sweden,and the observations were repeated 3 times.The result showed that,among the 367 maize landraces of Guangxi tested for quality detection,the average protein content was 12.61%,the coefficient of variation was 7.12%,and the content range was 10.44%-15.19%.The average fat content was 4.45%,the coefficient of variation was 9.27%,and the content range was 3.48%-5.89%.The average starch content was68.01%,the coefficient of variation was 2.88%,and the content range was 59.35%-71.79%.The content range and variation coefficient were fat content>protein content>starch content.The protein content and fat content of most of maize landraces of Guangxi were medium and low value types,and the starch content of only some of maize landraces of Guangxi was medium to high value type.A few numbers of landraces germplasm resource in Guangxi had quite high protein content meanwhile with quite high fat content,and some of landrace germplasm resources in Guangxi had quite high fat content meanwhile with quite high starch content.No landrace resources with high protein and starch content were found,and no landrace resources with high protein,fat and starch content were found.