聚磷酸铵溶液在春玉米上的施用效果研究

Study on the Application Effect of Ammonium Polyphosphate on Spring Corn

通过在东北典型黑土上设置聚磷酸铵新型液体氮磷复合肥溶液的不同用量田间试验,研究其对玉米产量、磷肥利用效率及农田磷素盈余状况的影响,明确聚磷酸铵溶液在玉米施用上的最佳施用量。两年试验结果表明,磷养分投入量在75 kg/hm^(2)时,玉米产量、干物质量及磷素积累量均处于较高水平,两年的磷肥利用率分别为25.0%和24.5%;当施磷量超过75 kg/hm^(2)时,产量不再显著提升,磷肥利用率逐渐降低。试验期间内,磷养分投入量在75和90 kg/hm^(2)处理的土壤磷盈余为分别为-19 kg/hm^(2)和2 kg/hm^(2)。通过综合分析两年的玉米产量、肥料利用率和农田磷素盈余量情况,确定聚磷酸铵溶液最佳施用量为75~90 kg/hm^(2),可满足当季玉米的高产养分需求,减施磷肥达15%~20%,达到减肥增产增效的目的。

Field trials of setting different dosages of ammonium polyphosphate solution on typical black soils in Northeast China were conducted to study their effects on corn yield,phosphate utilization efficiency,and phosphorus surplus in farmland,to determine the optimal application of ammonium polyphosphate solution to corn application amount.The results of the two-year experiment showed that when phosphorus nutrient input was 75 kg/ha,the corn yield,dry matter quality,and phosphorus accumulation were at a relatively high level.Two-year phosphorus fertilizer utilization rates were 25.0%and 24.5%,respectively.When the amount exceeds 75 kg/ha,the yield no longer increases significantly,but the utilization rate of phosphate fertilizer gradually decreases;during the test period,the phosphorus surplus in the soil treated with P75 and P90 was-19 kg/ha and 2 kg/ha,respectively.Based on a comprehensive analysis of corn yield,fertilizer utilization rate,and phosphorus surplus in the field for two years,it was determined that the optimal application rate of the ammonium polyphosphate solution was 75-90 kg/ha.Phosphate fertilizer 15%-20%,to achieve the purpose of weight loss,yield and efficiency.