乌鲁木齐市7种荷兰大丽花新品种引种栽培适应性研究

Study on the Adaptability of Introduction and Cultivation of Seven New Dutch Dahlia Varieties in Urumqi

[目的]筛选出适宜新疆乌鲁木齐市栽培的荷兰大丽花新品种。[方法]对引进的7种荷兰大丽花新品种在新疆乌鲁木齐市植物园进行引种栽培试验,对物候期、生长特征、花期、花部形态特征、抗病性、枝叶覆地性和耐热性等综合性状进行试验对比及观察。[结果]7种荷兰大丽花非常适应乌鲁木齐的气候特征及地理环境,除玛丽伊芙琳外,其余6种成活率达75%以上,且长势优良。7个品种均表现出原生物性状,具有较好的抗病性及耐热性,易栽培管护。荷兰大丽花花型奇特,颜色鲜艳,花期可持续72~90 d,株型丰满挺拔,叶1~3回羽状深裂,叶形奇特,观赏性极高,可用于露地栽植,营造各类景观效果。[结论]荷兰大丽花管理成本低,性状表现良好,在乌鲁木齐地区园林绿地推广使用前景广阔。

[Objective]To select new C Dutch dahlia varieties that were suitable for cultivation in Urumqi,Xinjiang.[Method]The introduction and cultivation of seven new Dutch dahlia varieties were carried out in the Urumqi Botanical Garden in Xinjiang,the phenological period,growth characteristics,flowering period,floral morphological characteristics,disease resistance,branch and leaf cover topography,and heat resistance were tested and compared.[Result]7 kinds of Dutch dahlias are very adaptable to the climatic characteristics and geographical environment of Urumqi.Except for Mary Evelyn,the remaining 6 kinds have a survival rate of more than 75%,and they are growing well.7 varieties all exhibited the original biological characteristics,with good disease resistance and heat resistance,and easy to cultivate and protect.Dutch dahlias have strange flower patterns and bright colors.The flowering period can last for 72-90 d,and the plant type is plump and tall.The leaves 1-3 are pinnate and deep-lobed,with peculiar leaf shapes and extremely ornamental.They can be used for open field planting to create various landscape effects.[Conclusion]The Dutch dahlia has low management cost and good character appearance,and it has the prospect of popularization and use in Urumqi area.