从建筑学科核心要素谈城市设计专业建设

On the Development of Urban Design Specialty in Terms of the Core Elements of the Architectural Discipline

中国城市已从快速发展时期转型到精细化发展时期,同时大量城市既有城区亟待更新完善,这对城市设计工作提出了迫切的需求和较高的要求。培养城市设计专业人才也成为中国新时代城市发展的迫切需求。城市设计作为一个研究领域由来已久,一直是建筑学一级学科下的二级学科。城市设计的工作任务对相关人才的要求与建筑学或城乡规划专业有所不同。虽然都属于建筑类专业,但针对的对象不同,思考的角度不同,需要的专业知识背景和专业技能也不同,因此有必要从本科开始培养相关的专业人才,以适应新时代城市建设的国家重大需求。文章从建筑学科的核心要素出发,分析建筑类各专业的共同特征和彼此差别,并根据城市设计专业的知识体系结构和人才素质要求,分析城市设计专业建设点的培养目标、知识体系、课程教学方法,以期对中国高校城市设计专业人才培养有所启发。

The cities in China have transitioned from a period of rapid development to a period of refined development.At the same time,a large number of existing urban areas are in urgent need of renewal and improvement.It results in the urgent and higher requirements of the work in urban design.Training urban design professionals has also become an urgent demand for urban development in the new era of China.Urban design has been a research field for a long time,and it has always been a second-level discipline under the first-tier discipline of architecture.The tasks of urban design require relevant talents that are different from those of architecture and urban and rural planning,although they all require architectural specialties.The objective is different,the thinking perspective is different,and the professional knowledge background and professional skills are different.Therefore,it is necessary to train relevant professionals from the undergraduate level in order to adapt to the urban development demanded by the Nation in the new era.Based on the core elements of the architectural discipline,this paper analyzes the common characteristics and differences between different majors under the architectural discipline.In terms of the structure of knowledge system and talent quality requirements of urban specialties,this paper also analyzes the training objectives,knowledge system and teaching methods of urban design professional development,in order to enlighten the training of urban design professionals in colleges and universities in China.