2017—2019年我国介入放射学工作人员眼晶状体剂量水平与分析

Results and analyses of occupational eye lens doses in interventional radiology in China(2017-2019)

目的调查2017—2019年我国介入放射学工作人员眼晶状体辐射剂量水平,掌握我国介入放射工作人员眼晶状体剂量水平现状。方法通过国家个人剂量登记系统,采集我国28个省份介入放射学工作人员眼晶状体剂量监测数据,监测部位为左眼、评估指标为个人剂量当量Hp(3)、监测方法为热释光剂量计。分别运用Mann-Whitney U检验和Kruskal-Wallis H检验对各年度及不同医院类别和级别人均年当量剂量进行统计分析。结果采集2017—2019年介入放射学工作人员眼晶状体剂量监测数据共2981人次,眼晶状体年当量剂量范围为<最低探测水平(MDL)~64.48 mSv,人均年当量剂量为1.38 mSv,93.69%监测对象年剂量集中在<MDL~5 mSv范围内,0.97%监测对象年剂量达到或超出国际新推荐的眼晶状体年均当量剂量限值20 mSv;综合医院和肿瘤医院人均年当量剂量分别为1.33和1.77 mSv,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);三级医院和二级医院人均年当量剂量分别为1.39和1.16 mSv,三级医院放射工作人员眼晶状体剂量水平高于二级医院(Z=2.894,P<0.05)。结论我国介入放射学工作人员眼晶状体年当量剂量符合国家现行限值标准,但有部分放射工作人员年剂量超出国际新限值标准,提示这类职业人群眼晶状体剂量超出国际新标准的风险较大,建议加强介入放射学工作人员眼晶状体剂量的持续监测工作,提高放射防护意识,采取有效防护措施降低眼晶状体剂量水平。

Objective To investigate the levels of dose to eye lens of interventional radiology workers in China from 2017 to 2019.Methods The monitoring data on eye lens doses to the interventional radiology workers in 28 provinces across the country were collected from National Individual Dose Registry.Monitoring was carried out using TLDs on their left eyes and evaluated in terms of the personal dose equivalent Hp(3).By using Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis H test,statistical analyses were made of the average annual lens doses to interventional radiology workers in the hospitals of different types at different levels for different years.Results From 2017 to 2019,the data on eye lens doses to 2981 interventional radiology workers were collected,with doses ranging from below the minimum detectable level(MDL)to 64.48 mSv,the average annual eye dose of 1.38 mSv,and the annual doses incurred by 0.97%monitored workers exceeding the recently recommended dose limits,20 mSv per year.The average annual lens dose monitored in general hospitals and in cancer hospitals were 1.33 and 1.77 mSv,respectively,without statistically significant difference(P>0.05).The average annual lens dose in tertiary hospitals was 1.39 mSv,significantly higher than that in secondary hospitals where the value was 1.16 mSv(Z=2.894,P<0.05).Conclusions The estimated annual eye lens doses to the interventional radiology workers during 2017-2019 were in accordance with the current national standard GB 18871-2002,but with a few exceptions exceeding the current international standards.This means that there exists,to a certain degree,a potential risk for the eye lens in this work category to exceed the international limits.It is suggested to continue in effort to enhance the monitoring of eye lens dose for these workers and to increase risk awareness,and take effective protective measures so as to lower the level of eye lens doses.