2014-2018年江西省医用放射工作人员外照射个人剂量监测结果分析

Monitoring results of individual doses to medical radiation workers in Jiangxi province from 2014 to 2018

目的分析江西省医疗机构放射工作人员的外照射个人剂量情况,为放射防护工作提供参考。方法以2014—2018年江西省医疗机构不同工种放射工作人员为调查对象,工种包括诊断放射学、放射治疗、核医学和介入放射学,统计分析江西医用放射工作人员的受照剂量水平。结果本次共调查23833人次,平均人均年有效剂量为0.316 mSv,受监测人员中年有效剂量超过1 mSv的工作人员数与受监测人员总数的比值(NR1)为4.32%,年有效剂量超过5 mSv的工作人员数与受监测人员总数的比值(NR5)为0.10%。2014—2018年间,人均年有效剂量呈现先上升后回落的趋势,2017年达到峰值。5年间监测从事诊断放射学人员有17909人次,占总监测人次的75.14%;人均年有效剂量最高的工种是介入放射学,为0.329 mSv,其他工种由大到小排列依次为诊断放射学、核医学和放射治疗,分别为0.318、0.283和0.269 mSv,不同工种放射工作人员比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=489.39,P<0.001)。结论江西医疗机构放射工作人员人均年有效剂量符合国家标准要求,核医学受照剂量水平总体呈现出上升趋势,一、二级医院放射工作人员的受照剂量水平较高,建议加强核医学及一、二级医院放射工作人员的监管力度。

Objective To analyze the levels of individual doses to radiation workers receiving medical radiation exposure in hospitals in Jiangxi province,so as to provide reference for radiation protection.Methods The radiation workers of different types in medical institutions in Jiangxi were investigated from 2014 to 2018,involving diagnostic radiology,radiotherapy,nuclear medicine and interventional radiology.Statistical analyses were made of the individual doses to medical radiation workers in the province.Results The total number of monitored workers were 23833 with average annual individual effective dose of 0.316 mSv.NR1 and NR5,the ratios of the number of workers receiving annual individual doses exceeding 1 and 5 mSv to the total monitored workers were 4.32%and 0.10%,respectively.During the five-year period,the average annual individual effective dose showed a upward and then downward trend,with peak appearing in 2017.A total of 17909 diagnostic radiologists were monitored,accounting for 75.14%of the total number of monitored workers.The average annual individual effective dose received by workers was 0.329 mSv,the highest,in interventional radiology,followed by diagnostic radiology 0.318 mSv,nuclear medicine 0.283 mSv,and radiotherapy 0.269 mSv,respectively.There were statistically significant differences among radiation workers of different types(χ^(2)=489.39,P<0.001).Conclusions The average annual individual effective dose to the radiation workers in medical institutions in Jiangxi province meets the relevant national standards,but with an upward trend in nuclear medicine.The higher levels of individual doses to radiation workers are seen in primary and secondary hospitals.It should be strengthen the oversight of radiation workers in nuclear medicine and in primary and secondary hospitals.