湖北省2009-2018年放射工作人员职业性外照射剂量监测结果分析

Levels of occupational external exposure of radiation workers in Hubei province from 2009 to 2018

目的回顾性分析湖北省2009—2018年间放射工作人员职业性外照射个人剂量水平与分布情况,预防和控制放射性职业照射的风险。方法以2009—2018年委托湖北省疾病预防控制中心进行个人剂量监测的放射工作人员外照射个人剂量为研究对象,共50070人。按照相关国家标准的要求,采用热释光方法监测放射工作人员的外照射剂量当量。结果10年间放射工作人员平均年集体有效剂量为1.93人·Sv,人均年有效剂量中位数为0.14 mSv(P25~P75为0.06~0.30 mSv),人均年有效剂量为0.40 mSv;年有效剂量<1 mSv的有46562人,占总监测人群的92.99%。不同职业类别的年有效剂量变化趋势不尽相同,但总体趋势均呈逐年下降的态势,并于2012年之后维持在较低水平。医学应用中核医学和介入放射学、工业应用中探伤和测井以及其他类放射工作人员人均年有效剂量相对较高。结论人均年有效剂量呈逐年降低并维持较低水平的趋势,表明10年间的放射防护措施基本能够保障其健康权益。连续性的监测结果提示,需对职业类别如核医学、介入放射学、探伤和测井以及其他类应用的放射工作人员予以重点关注,保障放射防护措施。

Objective To provide a retrospective analysis of the levels of occupational external exposure of radiation workers in Hubei province from 2009 to 2018 in a way to prevent and control its risks.Methods The external individual doses were surveyed for 50070 radiation workers between 2009 and 2018 by the effort of the Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention.Under the relevant national standards,the external radiation doses to radiation workers were conducted by using TLDs.Results The average annual collective effective dose to radiation workers in a 10 years period was 1.93 man·Sv,the median of average annual effective dose of 0.14 mSv(P25-P75:0.06-0.30 mSv),and the average annual effective dose of 0.40 mSv.The annual effective doses received by 46562 workers were less than 1 mSv,accounting for 92.99%of the total monitored workers.The annual effective dose varied dependent on occupational categories,showing a year-by-year decline trend and staying at a low level after 2012.The relative high radiation doses were seen in nuclear medicine and interventional radiology in medical applications,non-destructive testing and well logging in industrial applications,and other types of radiation applications.Conclusions The average annual effective dose decreased year in a by year manner and kept at a low level.This indicated that the radiological protection measures taken during the 10 years ensure the health of workers.The continuous monitoring result suggest that much more attention should be paid to such categories workers as nuclear medicine,interventional radiology,non-destructive testing,well logging and others through improving radiation protection measures.