外泌体蛋白质组学分析在肾脏疾病诊断中的研究进展

Research progress of exosomes proteomic analysis in the diagnosis of renal diseases

外泌体是由B细胞、T细胞等细胞释放并存在不同体液中的外囊泡,其携带的蛋白质可以在细胞间转运,参与细胞的通信、物质转运以及生化组成,是目前精准医学的研究热点。外泌体蛋白质在多种人类疾病诊疗中占有重要地位,而肾脏疾病具有发病机制复杂、诊断难等特点,所以肾脏穿刺仍是诊断肾脏疾病的金标准,但因为属于侵入性操作故不作为诊断的首选检查,外泌体蛋白质组学分析则能精准地鉴定出多种蛋白质生物标志物,并且能较好地运用在肾脏疾病的诊疗中。该文通过不同方面讨论外泌体蛋白组学分析在肾脏疾病研究中的最新进展,有望为肾脏疾病的诊疗提供新思路。

Exosomes are vesicles released by B cells,T cells and other cells and exist in different body fluids.Proteins carried by exosomes can be transported between cells,participate in cell communication,material transport and biochemical composition.This has become a research hotspot of precision medicine.Exosomes play an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of various human diseases,while kidney diseases,because of their complicated pathogenesis and difficult diagnosis,renal puncture is still the gold standard for the diagnosis of them.However,because of its invasive operation,it is not the first choice for diagnosis of renal diseases.Exosomes proteomics analysis can accurately identify a variety of protein biomarkers,and it can be better used in the diagnosis and treatment of renal diseases.Therefore,this review discusses the latest progress of exosomes proteomic analysis in kidney disease research from different aspects,which is expected to provide new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of kidney disease.