马克思幸福思想的“劳动-休闲”逻辑理路探析

Analysis of“Labor-Leisure”Logic Theory of Marx’s Happiness Thought

幸福作为人类永恒的价值追求,也是马克思一生追寻的方向。为了实现人类的幸福,马克思从"完整的"现实个人出发,消解了以往哲学对幸福抽象而形式的论述,立足于对"劳动-休闲"这一人类生存发展的两个合规律性样态,共同关照着人的幸福诉求与主体性价值回归。对此,马克思以"人民向度"为幸福研究的逻辑内核;以"劳动-休闲"的幸福意蕴为逻辑依据;以批判资本主义社会"劳动-休闲"的双重异化为逻辑审视;以实现"劳动-休闲"的价值复归为逻辑构建,强调异化劳动是导致劳动不幸的根源,休闲异化则隐喻在异化劳动之中制约着幸福体验的获得,只有实现共有体面劳动与共享休闲的统一,才能真正实现人的主体性回归和成为幸福的存在。

Happiness,as the eternal value pursuit of mankind,is also the direction that Marx devoted his life to pursue.In order to achieve human happiness,Marx started from the"complete"reality of the individual,and dispelled the abstract and formal discussion of happiness in previous philosophy.at the same time,Marx based on the"labor-leisure"patterns of human existence and development,took care of people’s happiness and the return of subjective value.Therefore,Marx took"people’s orientation"as the logical kernel of happiness research;took the happiness implication of"labor-leisure"as logical basis;criticized the dual alienation of"labor-leisure"in capitalist society,and realized the double reversion of"labor-leisure"into logical construction.Marx emphasized that alienated labor is the root cause of labor misfortune,leisure alienation is a metaphor that restricts the acquisition of happiness experience in alienated labor.Only by achieving the unity of shared decent work and shared leisure,can truly realize the return of human subjectivity and become the existence of happiness.