糖苷水解酶7家族蛋白在纤维素降解中作用的研究进展

Advances in Cellulose Degradation by Glycoside Hydrolase Family 7 Proteins

糖苷水解酶7家族(glycoside hydrolase family,GH7)是一类来源于真菌的水解酶,作用于纤维素结晶区或不定形区的β-1,4-键,可用于高效降解纤维素转化为可发酵的糖。GH7的成员具有高度保守序列以及相似三维结构,其催化结构域是由多个loop区围绕反向平行的β-折叠形成的β-三明治结构。目前已有17个GH7成员的结晶结构得到解析,明确了酶的结构与催化功能之间的关联,对GH7的来源及分类、蛋白序列、结构特征与催化纤维素降解功能关系的研究进展进行阐述。

Glycoside hydrolase 7 family proteins are a kind of fungal-derived hydrolases acting onβ-1,4-bond crystalline or amorphous regions of cellulose and can be used to efficiently degrade cellulose and convert into fermentable sugar.Members of the GH7 family have highly conserved sequences and similar three-dimensional structures.The catalytic domain is aβCsandwich structure formed by multiple loop regions around inversively parallelβ-folds.At present,the crystal structures of 17 the GH7 family protein have been resolved,the relationship between the structure of the enzyme and its catalytic functions was explicit.The advances in glycoside hydrolase 7 family proteins about the origin as well as classification,the protein sequence,the structural characteristics and the functional relations of cellulose degradation were expatiated in this article.