来自三家地方法人金融机构扶贫贷款可持续性的调研分析

Empirical Analysis of the Sustainability of Poverty Alleviation Loan from Three Local Corporate Financial Institutions

金融扶贫是我国精准扶贫的重要手段,是政府干预与市场竞争良性联动的重要体现。地方法人金融机构是地方金融扶贫的主力军,但因扶贫贷款单笔规模相对较小、运营成本较高等因素,地方法人金融机构提供的扶贫贷款面临多重挑战。选取设立在国家级贫困县的ZM村镇银行、Z农村信用合作联社和设立在城区的K农村信用合作联社为研究对象,通过实地调研获取三家银行的基本情况,利用熵值法和模糊综合评判法构建扶贫贷款可持续发展能力综合评价体系,探究“后脱贫时代”三家地方法人金融机构推广扶贫贷款产品的可持续性。同时,选取上市农村商业银行XY作对比分析,结果表明:ZM村镇银行和Z农村信用合作联社的扶贫可持续性处于一般等级,而K农村信用合作联社相对较弱,均有待提高。整体而言,扶贫贷款净收益率、不良贷款率和营业费用率对扶贫贷款业务开展的可持续性评价边际贡献相对更大。

Poverty alleviation loan is one of the important tools for targeted poverty alleviation in China.However,due to its relatively small size and high operating costs,local corporate bodies are facing the challenge of the sustainability of loan services.This paper investigate and research a Village Bank,a Credit Cooperative in a poor region and a Credit Cooperative in a poor city area,which represent local corporate financial institutions,with the comprehensive evaluation system of sustainable development ability which is constructed by using entropy method and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method in order to explore the sustainability of existing loans for poverty alleviation in local financial institutions of poor region.At the same time,this paper chooses a listed XY Rural Commercial Bank as a comparative study.The results show that the sustainability of loans for poverty alleviation in the Village Bank and the Credit Cooperative in a poor region are both in the general level,while the Credit Cooperative in a city region is relatively weak and needs to be improved.Overall,strengthening system design,reducing capital cost and non-performing loan rate can fundamentally improve the sustainability of loans for poverty alleviation in local financial institutions.