山地有机循环茶园体系优化构建与生产技术对策研究

System Optimization and Technological Improvements for Sustainable Organic Tea Cultivation on Hilly Lands

茶业是乡村振兴与农民增收的重要产业。目前茶业发展呈现良好的态势,但依然存在4个突出制约生产种植发展的因素:优良品种选育与更新换代;茶园水土流失与生态恢复;土壤酸化与有效改良技术;多样功能发挥与“四生茶园”(生产-生活-生态-生命耦合联动茶园)。实践表明,有机循环茶园的优化构建与有效运作,有助于解决制约茶叶生产的关键问题,进而促进茶产业的高质量发展。有机循环茶园是现阶段乡村绿色发展的新动态,也是常规有机茶业的转型升级版。本文阐述了有机循环茶园发展内涵、体系优化构建、基本技术要求,并提出了促进山区乡村有机循环茶园高质量发展对策的若干思考。

Tea industry has become a major contributor for the progress of the Rural Revitalization Program designed for the economic advancement of the farmers.In general,the current state of the industry is on an upward trend.Nonetheless,there are areas of concerns that can restrict further development which are summarized into 4 categories in this article.They include(A)the breeding of superior cultivars,(B)the erosion and ecological restoration of plantation soil,(C)the effective technology to reverse soil acidification,and(D)the integration of multiple functions,i.e.,tea production,farmer’s livelihood,land ecology,and organic living,into plantation operation.It has been clearly shown that the well-organized sustainable organic tea cultivation can overcome obstacles that hinder upgrading on the production and management.It is a newly realized dynamic and green approach for the rural tea industry.Its implementation will usher in the transformation of the business as well as farmer’s life and outlook.This article expounds the essence of and strategies for system optimization as well as the requirements for technological improvements.Practical measures to achieve the development of sustainable organic tea cultivation and business for the mountainous areas are presented.