人工智能专利技术分布、演化及合作创新网络分析

Analysis on the Distribution,Evolution and Cooperative Innovation Network of Artificial Intelligence Patent Technology

本文基于专利检索数据,从技术主题分布、演化路径及合作创新网络三个维度出发,利用社会网络分析方法及Gephi软件的可视化分析,对2000—2019年中国、美国、韩国、日本、欧洲等主要国家和地区的人工智能专利数据进行对比分析,以探究全球人工智能发展现状,为中国人工智能发展提供借鉴。结果表明:①各国人工智能技术主题布局主要集中在计算领域,中国已成为全球人工智能技术布局的关键力量,且技术集群之间关联较强,但与美国相比,中国基础技术层竞争力较弱,积极构建“核心技术为主,多元技术为辅”的人工智能技术主题格局成为当务之急;②各国均致力于新兴产业的智能化建设,但中国作为传统制造业大国,要继续加强传统制造业的智能化升级,建设以新兴产业为技术引领、传统制造业为经济支撑的人工智能生态体系;③中韩两国人工智能专利呈现出规模社团,联合创新模式初显成效,但各国整体合作创新网络还不成熟,加强跨领域、跨区域联合创新,构建人工智能多元化网络体系,是未来人工智能产业发展的大势所趋。

Based on the patent retrieval data,starting from three dimensions of technology theme distribution,evolutionary path and cooperative innovation network,using the social network analysis method and visual analysis of Gephi software to analyze the patent data of artificial intelligence(AI)in China,the United States,South Korea,Japan,Europe and other major countries and regions from 2000 to 2019,this paper compares and analyzes the date to explore the development status of global AI,and provides reference for China s development of AI.The results are as follows:①The theme layout of AI technology in various countries is mainly concentrated in the field of computing.China has become the key force in the global AI technology layout,and the technology clusters are strongly related.However,compared with the United States,the competitiveness of China s basic technology layer is relatively weak.Therefore,it is urgent to actively construct the theme pattern of AI technology with“core technology as the main task and multiple technologies as the auxiliary”.②All countries are committed to competing for the intelligent construction of emerging industries,but China,as a big country of traditional manufacturing industry,should strengthen the intelligent upgrading of traditional manufacturing industry,and build an AI ecosystem with emerging industries as technology guidance and traditional manufacturing industry as economic support.③The AI patents of China and South Korea show large-scale communities,and the joint innovation model has achieved initial results,but the overall cooperative innovation network of each country is not mature.It is the general trend of the future development of AI industry to strengthen cross domain and cross regional joint innovation and build a diversified network system of AI.