论数字货币的占有及其转移

On the Possession and Transfer of Digital Currency

数字货币的占有及其转移是非法获取数字货币行为构成取得型财产犯罪的关键性因素。刑法理论对占有的研究主要从占有对象和占有形态两个方面展开。关于前者,数字货币属于刑法所规制之财物,符合占有的对象要求。关于后者,权利人能够对数字货币进行排他性的事实支配,并且该支配可以获得经验和规范的认可,符合占有的形态要求。数字货币的占有转移是象征着价值的不可复制的代码数据的转移。因为虚拟世界与现实世界的双重性,数字货币的占有及其转移具有一定特殊性,影响着数字货币侵财行为停止形态的认定。

The possession and transfer of digital currency are the decisive factors in the illegal acquisition of digital currency,which constitutes a crime of acquired property.The study of possession by criminal law theory mainly starts from two aspects:the object of possession and the form of possession.Regarding the former,digital currency is a property regulated by criminal law and meets the requirements of the object of possession.Regarding the latter,the right holder can exercise exclusive control over the digital currency,and this control can be recognized by experience and norms,and meets the requirements of the form of possession.The transfer of possession of digital currency is the transfer of non-copyable code data symbolizing value.Because of the dual nature of the virtual world and the real world,the possession and transfer of digital currency have certain characteristics,which affect the determination of the cessation of crime.